This lesson introduces to the basics and concept of polygon, accepted patterns of
names,
polygon parts, special polygons etc. The presentation covering such content
will be done by the instructor in own handwriting, using video and with the help
of several examples with solution. Polygon is a closed plane figure made up of three
or more line segments that are joined together.
The sides do not cross each other and two sides exactly meet
at every
vertex.
Remember: polygons are two-dimensional geometric figures with the characteristics:
they are made of straight line segments.
each
segment joins exactly two other segments, one at each of its endpoints.
they are closed i.e. they divide the plane into two distinguished regions- one
inside and the other outside the polygon.
(More text below video...)
Nomenclature - polygon parts:
Side - A finite sequence of straight line segments that make up the polygon.
adjacent sides - The segments that share a vertex
vertex - Point where two sides meet. Two or more of such points (always end
points of the segments) are called vertices.
diagonal - A line connecting two vertices that is not a side.
interior Angle - Angle formed by two adjacent sides inside the polygon.
exterior Angle -
Angle formed by two adjacent sides outside the polygon.
A polygon is named for its vertices, but these must be listed in order. It may go
in any direction, but the consecutive vertices are next to each other in the name.
E.g. the polygon above could be called DEFABC, or AFEDCB, or any other name having
six vertices in order.
In general individual polygons are named according to the number of sides/angles,
combining a Greek-derived numerical prefix with the suffix gon. E.g. pentagon (5
sides), dodecagon (12 sides) etc. In cases of large numbers; a variable can even
be used, usually n-gon (n sides). The triangle (3 sides), quadrilateral (4 sides)
etc. are exceptions.
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